Spinal Fluid Test Predicts Alzheimer Disease

Spinal Fluid Test Predicts Alzheimer Disease

Patients may ask about a widely reported Archives of Neurology study that shows high accuracy in diagnosing Alzheimer disease (AD) based on protein patterns in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Researchers sought to identify biomarkers for AD without regard to clinical diagnostic information, such as cognitive testing. Measuring the spinal fluid concentrations of beta-amyloid protein 1-42 and phosphorylated tau_181P protein, the researchers found that AD presented a "signature" pattern of low beta-amyloid levels and increased phosphorylated tau. The pattern was found in 90% of AD patients, 72% of those with mild cognitive impairment, and 36% of the cognitively normal.

The researchers conclude that AD apparently manifests itself earlier than previously believed and that the current diagnostic criteria for the disease should be revised.

Editorialists "strongly recommend" that the analyses be undertaken when a definitive diagnosis of AD will help counsel patients about work and driving.

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